研究人员发现了进一步的证据表明，胆汁酸减缓视觉损失小鼠

凤凰涅盘

2012年1月19日–最近的一个基金会资助的研究表明，综合所得的胆汁酸的速度减缓视觉损失在小鼠的特定类型的视网膜退行性疾病。据研究人员在爱荷华大学，牛磺熊去氧胆酸，胆酸或，表现在小鼠模型的常染色体隐性遗传性视网膜色素变性（反相）和1型（bbs1Bardet - Biedl综合征），从而导致各种体育和发展的症状，包括肥胖和反相。结果均符合这些从早先的研究，也由基金会资助。爱荷华队，而其研究报告在网上发行的杂志调查眼科及视觉科学，认为胆酸拥有最大的潜力和后发性视网膜疾病治疗慢。它还认为胆酸可帮助控制肥胖bbs1患者，虽然球队警告说，进一步的研究是需要了解的胆酸的减肥效果。该基金会正在资助一个实验室研究在俄勒冈卫生科学大学，以确定最佳剂量口服牛磺酸熊去氧胆酸治疗人类视网膜变性如反相。如果研究结果是有利的，基金会希望开展临床试验在2013年初。“胆酸看上去非常有希望在这一点上，但我们需要确定有多少的口服药物必须达到视网膜，”帕特丽夏博士说齐利奥斯，基金会的首席发展官。“我们需要确保我们可以得到一个有效的剂量到眼后没有造成不必要的副作用在我们进入到人体试验。”自然形成的胆，最常见的熊，已在几千年传统中医治疗各种疾病和条件。甚至有3000年历史的画卷，提到它作为一种治疗失明。胆酸，合成形式，是目前在欧洲治疗胃肠疾病。最近，科学家们评估了药物的条件，如糖尿病，肥胖和神经退行性疾病，包括顿与阿尔茨海默病。在视网膜疾病，胆酸似乎阻止死亡的光感受器，杆和锥细胞提供视觉。而程序性细胞死亡，这个过程称为细胞凋亡，是一个正常的生理活动，帮助身体清除不需要的细胞，如反相造成过度凋亡障碍。爱荷华的研究小组指出，胆酸可能有利于患者的视网膜退行性疾病谁正在等待未来的基因治疗或谁的遗传病因尚未确定。阿琳博士drack，导致调查研究，是接受了马乔里·亚当斯妇女的职业发展奖基金会。

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Researchers Find Further Evidence That Bile Acid Slows Vision Loss in Mice
January 19, 2012 – A recent Foundation-funded study shows that a synthetically derived bile acid slowed the rate of vision loss in mice with specific types of retinal degenerative diseases. According to researchers at the University of Iowa, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, or TUDCA, performed well in mouse models of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and Bardet-Biedl syndrome type 1 (BBS1), which causes a variety of physical and developmental symptoms, including obesity and RP. The results are consistent with those from earlier studies, also funded by the Foundation.
The Iowa team, which reported its study in the online issue of the journal Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, believes that TUDCA holds the greatest potential for treating slower and later-onset retinal disease. It also thinks TUDCA may help control obesity in BBS1 patients, though the team cautions that further study is needed to understand TUDCA’s effect on weight loss.
The Foundation is currently funding a lab study at Oregon Health & Science University to determine the optimal oral dose of TUDCA for treating humans with retinal degenerations such as RP. If results of that study are favorable, the Foundation hopes to launch a clinical trial in early 2013.
TUDCA looks very promising at this point, but we need to determine how much of the drug must be taken orally to reach the retina,” says Dr. Patricia Zilliox, the Foundation’s chief drug development officer. “We need to ensure we can get an effective dose to the back of the eye without causing unwanted side effects before we move it into a human trial.”
The natural form of the bile, most commonly found in bears, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to treat a variety of ailments and conditions. There is even a 3,000-year-old scroll that mentions it as being a cure for blindness. TUDCA, the synthetic form, is currently used in Europe to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Recently, scientists have evaluated the drug for conditions such as diabetes, obesity and neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington and Alzheimer diseases.
In retinal disease, TUDCA appears to work by blocking the death of photoreceptors, the rod and cones cells that provide vision. While programmed cell death, a process known as apoptosis, is a normal biological activity that helps the body rid itself of unneeded cells, disorders such as RP cause excess apoptosis.
The Iowa research team notes that TUDCA might be beneficial to patients with retinal degenerative diseases who are awaiting a future gene therapy or for whom the genetic cause of disease has not been identified.
Dr. Arlene Drack, lead investigator of the study, is the recipient of a Marjorie Carr Adams Women’s Career Development Award from the Foundation.